Counseling the Infertile Couple Essay Example For Students

Counseling the Infertile Couple Essay Counseling the Infertile Couple Essay Being a pastor of family ministries with three healthy children, it is hard for me to counsel other couples on infertility. I have also been on the other side of the table facing these infertility choices in my first marriage. There was a choice we faced regarding selective termination if we did conceive after hormone therapy. In a way, I am glad we did not conceive because my ex-wife and I opposed each other on this procedure. I was opposed to the procedure while my wife accepted it. As a pastor having to counsel others with the problem of infertility, there are a lot of choices to be made regarding infertility. I believe God has given doctors the technology to assist couples in the process of conceiving a child. How far a couple goes to conceive a child is the problem we are facing as Christians in todays culture. Assisted reproductive technologies allow many couples with infertility problems to bear children. But with the plethora of options come tough decisions. Couples must weigh the financial, emotional and physical costs of each treatment against its chances of success. The ethical ramifications of creating life in a lab is also a consideration Christian couples often look to their faith for guidance. God has given us the job of exercising dominion over all the earth (Gen. 1:26), which includes using medical technologies to assist us in reproduction. The first step in infertility treatment is diagnostic testing for would-be parents. Treatments may be as simple as drugs to stimulate ovulation or as complicated as in vitro fertilization. Some couples may achieve pregnancy quickly, but others may have to decide to pursue assisted reproductive technologies. Since the first test-tube baby was born, in vitro fertilization has become a common procedure in fertility treatment. A key issue couples considering in vitro fertilization is the use of their embryos. The woman often produces more eggs than can be used during a single IVF attempt. The extra embryos can be frozen to use in subsequent procedures, or a couple may have them destroyed, kept in storage indefinitely or donated to another infertile couple. Another issue is how many embryos should be placed back in the uterus. The fewer used, the lower chances of multiple pregnancies and a higher risk for complications. The more used, the couple faces the issue of more embryos taking hold in the uterus and having to decide terminating one or more of the fetuses to give the remaining ones a better chance of survival. Each couple must decide how many eggs to fertilize, what to do with extra embryos and how many to put back. I can explain the medical aspects of conception, but the couple will have to decide what their definition of conception is. They will be the ones deciding when life starts and at what stage life begins in the cells. I would urge couples to fully understand any procedure theyre considering and to be sure the procedure honors the dignity of human life, even at the one-celled stage. In my view, that is when human life begins. A couple can undergo fertility treatments without compromising their beliefs. With advances in IVF procedures, fewer embryos can be placed back in the uterus while taking full advantage of the chances of a possible pregnancy. For those couples that are concerned with what to do with their frozen embryos, embryo adoption is becoming more popular. Or couples may limit the number of embryos created to those needed for the specific procedure. This may be more costly, especially if several treatments are needed. But if a couple were concerned with the morality of frozen embryos, this would be a viable option. .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 , .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .postImageUrl , .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 , .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:hover , .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:visited , .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:active { border:0!important; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:active , .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59 .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub1b8cddd9e27b91f0d147f4ac11efa59:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Effects Of War Essay Another concern with IVF is how the sperm is taken from the male donor. Clinics have rooms with magazines and videos for the male to use to help in collecting semen samples. This is a moral problem that must be addressed by the husband and wife. There are other options that a male can use to collect the sperm sample. Samples can also be collected from a man who is aroused simply by the idea or presence of his own wife. This .

The One Thing to Do for Example Essay Samples

The One Thing to Do for Example Essay Samples All About Example Essay Samples A number of the benefits which you can get when you hire our services incorporate the next. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and an appropriate structure. Thus, you don't need to fret about your private information whenever you order with us. It also needs to be mentioned that personal essay examples can be obtained at no charge or at a fee, based on the source. You need to understand how to compose an effective essay as it is a typical foundation for a student's grade. That means you can order for our high school scholarship essay examples without needing to fret about your private info. Thus, the essay is supposed to coincide with the applicant's qualities and interests in order for it to boost the probability of admission. Writing a scholarship essay may not be an easy endeavor for many students. The simplest way to decide on the sort of an e ssay is to realize the writer's point of view. It must be composed of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. An argumentative essay example will reveal the should possess some very important components which make it better in the practice of convincing. Any fantastic task finishes with an amazing conclusion and the very best examples of the argumentative essay will arrive in with a conclusion with an overview of all of the points together with a gist of the evidences provided. The difference in presentation of the issues is mainly on account of the magnitude of the issue and the way that it affects people. When the topic was decided, it's essential to come up with an argument surrounding the exact same. The topic chosen for the purpose should be attractive in the view of many readers. Provide certain examples to demonstrate your statement. Top Example Essay Samples Secrets Essay writing skills is a tough and time-consuming job. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. It's evident that most students find it really hard to submit totally free error sample essay for financial need scholarship since mostly they give plagiarized content only because they copy the specific information found on the web. There are sources that can provide you sample essays to use directly from their websites while some give room for downloads so that you may use the example at your own moment. There's numerous essays completed by them. As a consequence, spending money to deal with your essays might be challenging. Custom made paper writing service like 123helpme. The Appeal of Example Essay Samples The last step requires the client to wait around for the task to be managed by the firm. In the example of employment, it's felt that the examination results will indicate whether the work seeker has the abilities or intelligence to deal with the job. My job was supposed to work alongside the industry manager to help produce a more healthy marriage between the finance and marketing and advertising departments, thus improving our sales and workplace atmosphere. As a consequence, you get an excellent deal of free time and completed homework. Beginning an essay with a succinct story is easily the m ost common and effective of such procedures. It's possible for you to access the writer who's writing your essay directly so you may make any correction. While the narrative is among the absolute most helpful kinds of writing for an essay, it may also be difficult. In order to give an in-depth understanding about the argumentative essay, it's better to take a look at some of the greatest examples of argumentative essay. If you're stuck on how best to compose an example essay, you can stick to a few basic measures to dig yourself out of the rut and compose an example essay that you are able to be pleased with. Stephen's essay is quite effective. Our admission essay examples can prove that we're here in order to provide simply the ideal assistance to assure you which you submit an application essay you could be confident in.

Human Sexuality Topics For Term Paper Essays

Human Sexuality Topics For Term Paper EssaysThe best human sexuality topics for term paper essays are ones that are interesting, controversial and require some interpretation. There are a lot of stories out there about different people having sex, but many are inaccurate. We'll be covering the facts of sexual addiction, reproductive rights, marriage and child rearing.Masturbation is a normal thing for most people, even if the person never considered it to be addictive. However, some experts think it's possible that sexual addiction may not actually be connected to masturbating. Some studies have found that only 4% of individuals who participate in masturbation are actually practicing it to improve their sex lives. These same studies also suggest that the majority of these individuals are sexually satisfied with the limited amount of time they spend on masturbation. In this article we will look at the truth about masturbation and how you can use it to improve your sex life.Studies hav e shown that more men masturbate than women, but since women are more likely to get pregnant and have sexual activities, they tend to focus more on that. Women may masturbate because they are seeking a natural orgasm. They may also masturbate simply to relieve stress. They don't necessarily feel like they need to masturbate. The fact is that you should spend time thinking about why you do it, if you're going to benefit from it.For the majority of people, the biggest problem with sexual activities are fears. You may become afraid that your partner will notice or that you will embarrass yourself. Both of these issues may actually have negative consequences to your sex life, as your confidence will drop and your physical self will suffer.When discussing reproductive rights, they should always start by identifying yourself and what reproductive issues you may be suffering from. If you are having problems with infertility, it is very important to be open about it. It will be easier to es tablish yourself as an expert in the subject if you make it clear that you're dealing with something that other people might not fully understand.The next thing to consider is emotional aspects of sexuality. Since so many men and women discuss the topic with anxiety, it's easy to fall into the trap of discussing just the physical side of sexuality. The best way to handle these issues is to explore the emotional aspects of human sexuality. You should be able to come up with real solutions to help you deal with the issues that have been bothering you.In discussing child rearing, it is important to realize that both men and women need to learn how to communicate and express their needs. Some men simply want the thrill of being able to take advantage of a woman's sexuality. It's important to recognize that the majority of men who experience problems during sex are men. This does not mean that women are any less capable, only that men are doing it in different ways.Now that you know a li ttle bit more about human sexuality topics for term paper essays, it's time to put all of your information together and start writing. You'll be surprised at how much easier it will be once you begin to explore the topic. It might take a little bit of time to really grasp it, but it will be well worth it.

What Random Topics to Write about College Essay Is - and What it Is Not

What Random Topics to Write about College Essay Is - and What it Is Not You've got to learn how to understand before ever trying to cause other people to comprehend. You will notice trends forming quickly and you may produce a super article by using your friends' woes, successes and things which are troubling them. If you're on the lookout for topics to write an argumentative paper on, there are a couple of things which will surely make things simpler for you. Whether right or wrong, your objective is to select which side of the debate you wish to be on then function to persuade others to your side. Now you've learned how to produce demonstrative speech topics, it's time to start! Now you've written most of your speech, it's time to wrap this up. You're able to then form your speech around the response to the question. The best method to begin a demonstration speech is to start with a how to'' question. Make an objective to find 10 topics in your field that you're able to write about. People from your filed will discover your blog and you may be viewed as an expert which may lead to better opportunities for you later on. Some political topics include things like pending legislative debts, the budget or employment development. A blog isn't merely a channel to communicate with your readers, it's a platform you may use to reach your targets, fulfill your ambition and work on your passion when sharing the journey with different individuals. Unique photos associated with your article can make an effect. In any case, you could also have the ability to pick up some valuable a rticle writing tips on what things to avoid by spotting the mistakes they've made on their site. Some amazing articles may also come from the well-known questions asked for now. A potent essay gives you the benefit of digging by means of a trouble. Article writing may also be an amazing approach to achieve targeted traffic. Writing articles can be a fantastic method to obtain exposure to your merchandise and your site. While it is great fun and you get a lot of creative satisfaction. The Downside Risk of Random Topics to Write about College Essay If you by chance have used all of your topics already, think back to something they may have said and inquire about that. Frequently the ideal blog topics are the ones which cross across several domains. You may then fine tune your topic dependent on the trend you see. If you have started out young, there are a few topics that you might be more interested in than others. Topics can vary from research to real-life events, based on the class. If you're still not certain how to structure your eBook, you can begin listing your suggestions and topics. You may also hunt for inspirational quotes online. Everyone loves some kind of list to read online. Utilize Keyword Research Tools Since you're writing for some target audience, you must incorporate some relevant key terms and key phrases into your articles. Argumentative essay needs to be ended by creating a reassertion of your position. You can depend on the very best essay help online. To compose an outstanding essay, it's crucial to use specific academic language. It's also advisable to constantly work to boost your writing style and produce your essay attractive to read and simple to navigate. You are able to choose the guidance of several article writing tips which will help you hone your abilities. A benefit to writing about a current passion is that it is possible to market yourself as an expert on the subject and become a prolific writer on the topic in various on-line venues. Reveals that you would like to deliver best custom college to generate an argument writing overview. Therefore, many students and employees decide to purchase low-cost essay rather than writing it themselves.

How to Write a Sample Essay For Rhetorical Analysis

How to Write a Sample Essay For Rhetorical AnalysisIt is important to know how to write a sample essay for rhetorical analysis. A little practice will help you to be better in this area of writing. Also, this essay can serve as a reference in the future when you need to write an essay for research purposes.When writing the analysis essay, make sure that the essay is brief and simple enough to be analyzed by readers. If the analysis of the essay is too long, readers will not have time to analyze the essay properly. You can try to write a brief and simple essay which can be analyzed by readers.A long analysis of the essay will only serve to confuse readers, and thus, it is important to write a sample essay for rhetorical analysis. This essay will help you in developing the skill of writing analysis essays. You can read a sample essay for rhetorical analysis online and see what kind of things you can find in it. This will help you in finding out what areas need improvement in your writi ng skills.The first thing you should do is to write a thesis statement. This is the first paragraph of the essay, which should give the main point of the essay. The thesis statement must be complete and concise. Make sure that your thesis statement gives the readers a good idea about what you are trying to say.After you have given the readers a good introduction of the main idea of the essay, you should give them a conclusion. The conclusion must be very precise and direct. It should also contain the first sentence of the thesis statement.It is necessary to repeat the thesis statement at least three times. This will give readers a clear idea about what they are going to read. Try to be as precise as possible. Give examples which can be analyzed and relate them to the thesis statement.During the analysis of the essay, make sure that you are not too wordy in your paper. You can go for the short sentences in your paper. The shorter the sentences in the essay, the easier it will be to a nalyze it. Also, your essay must be clear in order to allow the readers to find out what you are trying to tell them.The next thing you should do after learning how to write a sample essay for rhetorical analysis is to try out the essay. This will help you in making corrections on the sample essay for rhetorical analysis. You should also include the content of the essay in your next research paper or thesis. Therefore, you will be able to write more essay for rhetorical analysis in the future.

Stopping illegal immigration border security

Introduction The United States government should make it a priority to secure the border because of national security and defense. Illegal immigration has done more harm than good to the country.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stopping illegal immigration: border security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many measures have been put to place to prevent the violation of immigration laws as well as to protect the sovereignty of the nation. One method that has been adopted as a strategy to combat illegal immigration is border security. This report will focus on the issue of body security, its pros, and compare it with other strategies meant to deal with illegal immigration. Border Security Border security is a major measure that has been put in place to stop illegal immigration. This is due to the fact that tens of thousands of immigrants are getting in the country each year illegally. This is why the gover nment has put its focus on border control. The government has in turn put a lot of resources and money so as to combat this issue and ensure the implementation of its policies. These resources have been used to fund and come up with innovations that are meant to stop the large influx of immigrants into the country. Technological systems have also been developed that screen passengers at the entry points so as to prevent people from entering the country illegally. A lot of effort has been used in trying to prevent illegal border crossing. Different approaches have been used together so as to ensure this. Some of these methods include the construction of fences. The set-up of high tech radar systems, ground sensors, an increase of agents who are meant to guard the border day and night, and also an aerial vehicle. The attempt to create a virtual fence at the border failed due to the problem it was facing. It was very expensive and would be able to experience technical failures. The oth er reason for the need to stop illegal immigration is that the Illegal aliens are weighing down many systems in the country. These systems range from education, healthcare, law enforcement, insurance etc. The massive influx is also costing the citizens jobs as the illegal aliens provide cheap labor to some companies. This is why the companies opt to hire them because they cut costs (Kowalski, 2011).Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Pros of border security Border security is more effective as it deals with the problem at the root. It is a preventive measure as it aims at ensuring that the illegal aliens do not get in the country. This strategy is easier and more efficient than the other methods which are used to deal with them after they have entered the country. Policies like ending birth right citizenship will not be an issue as the illegal aliens would not even be in a posi tion to have an offspring in the country, because they will not get the opportunity to enter the country. The same applies to the other control measure of not giving amnesty to the illegal aliens. If this problem is solved at the root there would be no need for these other control measures. It will also allow the control of access to the country. The fence put in place will control the number of entry points to be used in entering the country. This limitation of access will go a long way in making sure that only those people who are supposed to get in the country are allowed in. Through the different border crossing preventive measures that have been put in place many people will not want to risk as it is now harder to get in the country. Before this strategy many people would risk getting in the country as it only entailed walking right through, but now it is not that easy. A border fence will make it harder for immigrants to get into the country illegally. This will in turn slow d own the number of illegal aliens in the country. This will also aid in the prevention of other problems associated with illegal immigration. These problems include the prevention of illegal drugs from entering the country and job security .The measures that have been put in place to counter border crossing have shown success. The physical barriers and technological innovations have increased the apprehension of the people attempting to cross the border. From the implementation of this strategy thousands of immigrants trying to cross the border have been apprehended. Although it has led to the apprehension of thousands, the number of arrests due to border crossing has gone down meaning that less people are able to penetrate the systems that have been put in place.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stopping illegal immigration: border security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Border security strategies have adopted various means to provide enough personnel to aid in patrolling the border. Some of these strategies are border militarization and civilian border patrols. This is a major boost to border security because there is need for more people to aid in border patrol. This will make the strain on border patrol less. The military aids in performing its purpose of protecting the public by doing this. The deployment of troops will aid in protecting the country from the illegal aliens who could cause harm to the country. The citizens who volunteer at the borders also show their patriotism by helping the country in dealing with the threat of illegal immigration. This is also evident in the fact that after border security was made stricter, criminal activity in the US has been eliminated in some fields while it has been decreased tremendously in others. The border before this measure was porous and that is why it was used by many drug traffickers and terrorists. They exploited this gap by using it to smuggle things to the country as they could easily get in and out undetected. Nowadays it is effective in the prevention of drug smuggling into the country. Border fences have proven to be effective in other countries. This is evident in Israel as terrorist attacks reduced by 95% after the set up of a border fence. This proves that less people could enter the country illegally. A majority of illegal aliens in the country enter the country through the border. The other immigrants who enter the country legally and have expired visas make up a small fraction of the statistics. Close to half a million illegal aliens enter the country every year. This is after one million are apprehended at the border. The border control measures serve a great deal in trying to prevent this problem from getting worse than it already is (Kowalski, 2010). Border security vs. other control measures Border crossing aims at preventing other problems that are as a result of illegal immigration. Mos t of the other measures to stop illegal immigration serve to control the problem not to prevent it. Some of these control measures are;Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ending birthright citizenship Ending birth right citizenship is not very effective when it comes to stopping immigration. There are many countries that do not have birth right citizenship but the number of illegal immigration is very high. Illegal immigration cannot be prioritized as a strategy for combating this issue. The country has in fact benefited significantly from birth right citizenship. This has been through the taxes they pay, the children granted citizenship, have grown up to join the army and they have been elected to offices of power and even participated in sports. The country will lose these benefits if they are to remove this law. The changing of this law will not be easy and will result in the loss of a lot of money in trying to implement it. It is also going to affect a number of processes in the country. Some processes such as getting a passport, social security number etc. will also be made more complicated due to this . No amnesty with harsher penalties for ill egal immigrants This measure prevents the giving of amnesty in the form of citizenship and aims at instead issuing more severe penalties, with an aim of curbing and stopping illegal immigration . This measure is formed on the basis that one should not be awarded for committing a crime. The immigrants have already broken the law by getting in the country illegally. This policy is also fair to those who have legally entered the country, and followed and passed all the legal and administrative procedures. This is why strict policies should be put in place so as to discourage them from entering the country and this can greatly be achieved through imposing penalties for the law breakers and removing all incentives to promote them (Roarty, 2011).This method is more effective than ending birth right citizenship but less effective as compared to stopping border crossing. Conclusion Illegal immigration is a very big problem to the country. Out of all the measures that are being put in place to combat this, border security measures should be prioritized as it accounts for the most number of illegal aliens who are in the country. Recent findings have shown that the implementation of border security prevention measures, have resulted in the prevention and decrease of thousands of immigration cases. It is more effective than strategies such as ending birthright citizenship and not giving out amnesty to illegal aliens, and offering harsher penalties to those who violate this law. Border security should however be supported by this strategies as they aid in making border crossing less due to the discouraging of illegal immigration. The cost to be incurred in ensuring the prevention of border crossing is minimal compared to the thousands the government loses as a result of illegal immigration. The country loses more money from illegal immigration. Stopping illegal immigration will result in increased security in the country, less strain on the social amenities and a decrease in the crime rate. This is why border security which is the most effective strategy of stopping illegal immigration should be prioritized . References Huisenga, S. (2011). Gingrich Voices Support for S.C. Immigration Law. Retrieved from http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-presidential-campaign/gingrich-voices-support-for-s-c-immigration-law-20111128?mrefid=site_search Johnson, F. (2010). Norquist Says Ending Birthright Citizenship Is a Tax. Retrieved from http://www.nationaljournal.com/congress/norquist-says-ending-birthright-citizenship-is-a-tax-20120305?mrefid=site_search Kowalski, D. M. (2011). Border Security After 9/11: Ten Years of Waste, Immigrant Crackdowns and New Drug Wars. Retrieved from http://www.lexisnexis.com/community/immigration-law/blogs/outside/archive/2011/09/12/border-security-after-9_2f00_11_3a00_-ten-years-of-waste_2c00_-immigrant-crackdowns-and-new-drug-wars.aspx Kowalski, D. M. (2010). Border Security: Immigration Enforcement Between Ports of Entry. Retrieve d from http://www.lexisnexis.com/community/immigration-law/blogs/outside/archive/2012/01/16/border-security-immigration-enforcement-between-ports-of-entry.aspx Kowalski, D. M. (2010). Border Security: The Role of the U.S. Border Patrol. Retrieved From http://www.lexisnexis.com/community/immigrationlaw/blogs/inside/archive/2010/05/27/border-security_3a00_-the-role-of-the-u.s.-border-patrol.aspx Roarty, A. S. Q. (2011). Numerous Punches Thrown in Spirited Iowa Debate. Retrieved from http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-presidential-campaign/numerous-punches-thrown-in-spirited-iowa-debate-20111210?mrefid=site_searchpage=1 Sternstein, A. (2012). DHS Requests Bids for Second Try at Virtual Fence. Retrieved from http://www.nationaljournal.com/domesticpolicy/dhs-requests-bids-for-second-try-at-virtual-fence-20120409?mrefid=site_search Strohm, C. (2011). McCain, Kyl Girding for Border Security Fight. Retrieved from http://www.nationaljournal.com/nationalsecurity/mccain-kyl-girding-for-border -security-fight-20110413?mrefid=site_search This research paper on Stopping illegal immigration: border security was written and submitted by user Lauren D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Merloni Case Essays

Merloni Case Essays Merloni Case Essay Merloni Case Essay Elettrodomestici SpA is an Italian company based in Fabriano and is one of Europe’s biggest makers of home appliances. In February 2005, Merloni Elettrodomestici was renamed Indesit Company, Indesit being the best known of the Group’s brands outside Italy. The Company was also operating under its historic brand, Ariston, and the regional brands Hotpoint, Scholtes and Stinol. During the perio from 1984 to 1986, Merloni undertook a number of initiatives to improve efficiency in inventory control and logistics.One such initiative was the transit point experiment where in the Milano region, regional distribution centre was eliminated in favour of tranit points which held zero inventory. The following is an analysis of the Transit Point Experiment conducted by Merloni: Cost saving in terms of infrastructure cost of regional warehouses and their maintenance. The company would require lesser amounts of overall inventory to be maintained. As regional warehouses would be closed there would be lesser labor requirements. Transit Point methodology works similar to JIT where-in the required amount of goods are shipped at the required time.Since it works more on the Pull from the customer and due to elimination of regional warehouses, the effect of bullwhip should be lower. Because the regional warehouses will be eliminated, the capacity storage of the central warehouses should be expanded to meet the requirements of the extra Cycle inventory. This would come as an additional cost to the company. Intensive planning of daily shipment should be done. It is not only required to calculate the exact amount of goods to be shipped but also the arrangement of the goods (to eliminate time in loading/unloading activities).Because of this intensive planning more skilled administration staff would be required. If the customer does not order wihin 3pm, the delivery of the product would happen only after the second day. This can lower customer satisfaction. Since no inventory is maintained in near-by locations (as all goods come from central warehouse) if there is any excess demand or out of stock condition (for retailers), the goods will have to be fetched from central warehouse which would take a lot of time. This can lead to loss of goodwill with retailers especially those serving the rural markets.Demand variability is not easily supported by employing Transit Point methodology. If there is an urgent demand for goods in excess of truckload capacity then it can lead to huge additional cost. Another important point which is not mentioned in the case is the importance of the transportation medium. If any of the vehicles breaks-down it could lead to huge delays and pile up of demand. Merloni needs to keep some extra vehicle for a backup. It also needs to maintain the vehicles in good condition. The cost of this has not been accounted for.Since the experiment was carried out only in Milano a relatively smaller numbers of trucks (1 Trailer truck and 3 Small trucks) were required. If the Transit Point methodology is applied through-out Italy, Merloni will need to build up infrastructure and teams to coordinate the the movement of trucks and their transactions. In Merloni, it is the responsibility of the warehouse manager to manage and develop the customer relationship. If the warehouses are eliminated Merloni would still need additional office space for the warehouse managers who also act as Customer Relationship Managers.Another important question is where would Merloni keep the spare parts required for its service personnel. If these too are kept at the central warehouse it could lead to delay thus have a negative impact on the quality of service. The Merloni experiment was conducted when the weather was good. If the weather is bad near the central warehouse but alright in other areas where there is demand, then it can lead to delays. The cost of such delays would be large as Merloni would have to use extra vehicles to ensure the earliest delivery of all the goods once the weather becomes good. Quantitative Analysis:Now we shall look at a quantitative analysis of cost incurred by the company before and after using Transit Point methodology. The case is for region of Roma (information as per exhibit 10). (Ax) would represent cost incurred by using Pre-Transit Point methodology and (Bx) would denote cost incurred by using Transit Point methodology. Calculate the Average Volume/Month at the Regional Distribution Centre (RDC) in Roma. Assuming 20 working days in a month. Average daily demand served from regional warehouse = 154. 8 pieces Average Volume/Month = Average daily demand x No of working days = 154. 8 x 20 = 3096 pieces.Operating Cost at RDC From exhibit 10 of the case it can be seen that the operating cost at Roma is 3605 Lire/Piece/Month Average inventory levels at RDC = 1200 pieces (from Exhibit 8a) Total Operating Cost/Month at Roma RDC = Operating Cost/Piece/Month x Avg Inventory = 3605 x 1200 = 4326000 Lire Therefore, Operating Cost per piece sold = Total operating cost / No of pieces sold = 4326000 / 3096 = 1397. 28 Lire (A1) As per the case, by using Transit Point methodology the Operating Cost has reduced to 20%. Therefore, New Operating Cost per piece sold = 20 % of original Total Operating Cost = 0. 20 x 1397. 28 = 279. 5 Lire -(B1) Inventory Cost at RDC From exhibit 10 of the case it can be seen that the inventory cost at Roma is 1035 Lire/Piece/Month. Total Inventory Cost / Month = Invetory Cost/Piece/Month x Avg Inventory = 1035 x 1200 = 1242000 Lire Inventory cost per piece sold = Total inventory cost / No of pieces sold = 1242000 / 3096 = 401. 16 Lire. (A2) Using the Transit Point methodology, zero inventory is maintained. Therefore, Inventory cost per piece sold = 0 Lire (B2) Short Haul Transportation Cost The short haul transportation cost is the cost of transporting goods from regional warehouse or transit point to retailers.This cost would be common for both pre and during Transit Point methodoly usage period Short Haul Transportation cost = 4300 Lire/Piece (A3),(B3) Long Haul Transportation Cost is the cost of transporting goods from the central warehouse to the regional wareho use or transit point. During the pre Transit Point period goods were transported from the central warehouse to the regional warehouses using trailer trucks. Total number of pieces to be shipped per month = 3096 pieces Capacity of one trailer truck = 120 pieces Therefore, Number of trailer trucks required = Total quantity / Capacity of trailer truck = 3096 / 120 25. 8 trucks Distance between Roma and Fabriano = 165 Km approx. (source: distance-calculator. co. uk/distance-from-fabriano-to-rome. htm) From Exhibit 11, Cost of using a trailer truck for transport upto 165 Km = 0. 36 Million Lire Therefore, Total transporation cost = Cost/Truck x No of trailer trucks = 360000 x 25. 8 = 9288000 Lire Transportation cost per piece sold = Total transportation cost / No of pieces sold = 9288000 / 3096 = 3000 Lire (A4) In Transit Point methodology both trailer truck and smaller trucks can be used depending upon the lot size. Since the average daily demand is 154. pieces, a minimum of one trail er truck will have to be used every day. i. e. Total volume of goods carried by trailer trucks/month = No of trailer truck in a month x Volume carried by 1 trailer truck = 20 x 120 = 2400 pieces The remaining amount would be carried by smaller trucks. Volume to be carried by smaller trucks = 3096 -2400 = 696 pieces. Therefore, No of smaller trucks required per month = Volume carried by smaller trucks / Capacity of smaller truck = 696 / 45 = 16 trucks This means that in addition to trailer truck a smaller truck also needs to be done for 4 days in every week.From Exhibit 11, Cost of using a smaller truck for transport upto 165 Km = 0. 2 Million Lire Total transportation cost = (Cost / Trailer truck x No of trailer trucks) + (Cost / Small truck x No of smaller trucks) = (360000 x 20) + (200000 x 16) = 10400000 Lire Transportation cost per piece sold = Total transportation cost / No of pieces sold = 10400000 / 3096 = 3359. 17 Lire -(B4) Inventory cost at central warehouse Because the re gional warehouses are going to be removed, some amounts of inventory will be moved to the central warehouse.Total inventory level at all 17 regional warehouses = 14330 pieces Assuming 50% of this is Cycle Stock and the remaining Safety Stock, the Cycle Stock (= 7165) will be moved to the central warehouse. Average Safety stock = 7165 / 17 = 421 pieces. Safety stock required at central warehouse as per Risk Pooling = 421 x v17 = 1735 pieces. Therefore, additional stock required at central warehouse = Safety stock + Cycle stock = 1735 + 7165 = 8900 pieces. Assuming inventory cost as those prevailing in Roma, the extra inventory cost at central warehouse = 8900 x 1035 = 9211500 LireAdditional inventory cost/month/piece sold = 9211500/(20*3096) = 148. 76 Lire -(B5) Therefore, Total Cost incurred by the company before deploying Transit Point methodology = (A1) + (A2) + (A3) + (A4) = 1397. 28 + 401. 16 + 4300 + 3000 = 9098. 44 Lire Total Cost incurred by the company by deploying Transit P oint methodology = (B1) + (B2) + (B3) + (B4) + (B5) = 279. 45 + 0 + 4300 + 3359. 17 + 148. 76 = 8087. 38 Lire Therefore by using Transit Point methodology, Merloni has saved 1011. 06 Lire. Now taking this Transit point experiment to India, we can make the following observations Geography – The geography of India is different from Italy.India is equally wide in North- South and East – West directions. The approximate width is ~3500Kms. This is very high compared to Italy. The towns and cities are farther apart compared to Italy. For a product like home appliances (refrigerator , washing machine , dish washer etc) the market is still in towns and cities in India. The road conditions are also not that good. This means the transportation time between cities will be more compared to Italy. Another point to consider is the demand in a town; this may not be enough to meet a truck load of products.Company will have to find a way to store the excess products which is not being supplied. See exhibit1 for details. Infrastructure Another option we can consider is to have a transit point method for big cities like Mumbai, New Delhi, and Bangalore etc. We can have a transit point set up in outskirts of city and we can have small trucks to distribute units to retailers. This will help to free up or reduce the storage space in ware house in each city. But this again will depend on where you have the center ware house located and will be applicable only if ware house is in a day’s drive from the city.Also we can try this in states like Kerala where the towns are closer by. But even though this frees up inventory storage space, company may still have to have a small space to store items which don’t get distributed or collected the same day. As given in Merloni case we will not be able to leave products in alley or plan to keep in sales office as space is a big constraint. As in Merloni case we may not be able to reuse the storage space for an exhibi tion house in the case of India, as the storage location is located in outskirts of city in most places.The market segment for home appliances is the people who stay in the city limits and will be reluctant to travel so much for buying a home appliance. Transportation – The fuel price costs and spare parts costs will contribute to the transportation cost and will drive it higher. This in turn will result in a higher transportation cost per unit and will eat into the margins. This will be significant in case of a transit point experiment since the delivery is made per day. Another concern is the quality of service – timely delivery and state of goods delivered.The time of delivery is very critical in the case of a transit point plan. The delivery to the hub should reach on time to ensure the timely delivery of goods to retailers. With the poor condition of roads and lack of service/repair support along the way, there is a significant risk associated with timely delivery . If a truck breaks down, it is definitely going to add half a day delay to the delivery. Inventory – As explained in Infrastructure section, the transit point plan will help to reduce inventory held in big cities and move the same to central ware house location. This again may help ompany to close down its own Storage location in cities and use private/public warehouse option for the storage of minimal inventory in cities. Customer Service With the transit point plan, the timely delivery of goods in big cities will improve. This will make the retailers in this area happy. But if we try to implement this pan India, it will result in poor delivery times and dissatisfaction. The reasons for this are given above. Labor amp; Cost – There may not be any significant reduction in labor expenses, as company may have to get new systems in place to support the transit point plan for big cities.This will kind of compensate for the reduction in storage space cost we are getting i n cities. Again we will also need people to take care of the transit point plan execution in big cities. Recommendation Based on the above analysis, below given are the recommendations to implement a transit point plan in India. Implement this plan only in big cities like Bangalore, New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai ,Kolkata, Kerala etc. We can try out this experiment first in a big city like Mumbai and get learning’s from there to improve the system and then fan it out to other cities.Another option to make this work is to have multiple large ware houses spread across the country so that every major city is located at a distance of 300-400Kms from the ware house. From this point we can try to run trucks to cities and do a delivery of products to retailers in the city and nearby areas in a 12Hr time frame. For e. g. We can collect distribution data from Tier II big cities like Ahmadabad , Bhopal , Allahabad ,etc. over a period of time and see if it any of the cities have enough dema nd to meet a truck load. We can also include the close by towns for this calculation.Based on this we can run a transit point distribution around those cities. See exhibit 2. The transit point plan will work well for a manufacturing line where the demand is more fixed than a home appliance store. This will work well as the factory have a well defined schedule on what products will be running in which Assy lines and for how long. In the case of a home appliance store the demand is driven high by a number of local factors like local holidays, local festivals, bonus pay out etc. For a diverse country like India these factors vary widely.A local festival is more limited to a local city or a town and may not be even applicable for the entire state. This makes it more difficult to forecast and plan. On a big picture the transit point plan in this format cannot be implemented pan India as it will result in delayed deliveries and low satisfaction levels. The poor infrastructure, widely spre ad cities, diverse culture and quality of transportation service – all act as variables and makes forecast difficult and can cause a failure in the plan. Exhibit 1 Let us consider a case where the central ware house is located in Bhopal.The approximate distance to close by cities like is as given below. 1. Bhopal – Ahmadabad – 500Kms 2. Bhopal – Allehabad – 500kms 3. Bhopal – New Delhi 700kms 4. Bhopal Patna – 700kms In Indian road conditions we cannot expect a truck to cover more than 400Kms during night and to add to it there will be delays in check posts , for having dinner , traffic blocks etc. More issues will be there in rainy season amp; winter. Hence it is clear that with a central ware house in Bhopal we will not be able to make a delivery to these cities on time. Exhibit 2We can have ware house in Ahmadabad and use it to meet the demands of close by cities like Vadodara, Surat, and Gandhi Nagar etc. 1. Ahmadabad to Vadodar a – 100Kms 2. Ahmadabad to Surat – 300kms 3. Ahmadabad to Gandhi Nagar 70kms 4. Ahmadabad to Udaipur – 250kms. But before implementing this we need to do an ROI calculation to see whether this is viable or not. Need an essay? You can buy essay help from us today! Read more: ukessays. com/essays/economics/case-analysis-on-merloni-elettrodomestici-spa-economics-essay. php#ixzz2b1VHlgpp